In today’s digital era, software engineers are the backbone of every innovation. From mobile apps and websites to artificial intelligence and cloud computing, software engineers build the technologies that shape modern life. If you’re wondering how to become a software engineer, this guide will walk you through the entire journey from education and skills to career paths and future scope.
A software engineer is a professional who designs, develops, tests and maintains software systems. Unlike basic programmers, software engineers apply engineering principles to create scalable, efficient and secure software solutions.
Before understanding how to become a software engineer, it’s important to know why this career is so popular:
With digital transformation accelerating worldwide, skilled software engineers are always in demand.
Step 1: Choose the Right Educational Path
If you’re planning early, the most common routes to becoming a software engineer are:
Students with PCM (Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics) are eligible for engineering courses, while BCA is suitable even for non-PCM students in some universities.
After graduation, you can further specialise with:
While higher education is not mandatory, it can help with advanced roles and leadership positions.
Step 2: Learn Core Programming Languages
One of the most important steps in how to become a software engineer is mastering programming languages.
Popular Programming Languages to Learn:
Start with one language and gradually expand your skill set.
Step 3: Understand Computer Science Fundamentals
A successful software engineer must have strong fundamentals, including:
These concepts are frequently tested in interviews and are critical for problem-solving.
Step 4: Choose a Specialisation
Software engineering is a broad field. Once you build the basics, choose a specialisation based on your interests.
Popular Software Engineering Specialisations:
Specialisation helps you stand out in the job market.
Step 5: Build Projects and Gain Practical Experience
Degrees alone are not enough. Employers value practical skills.
How to Gain Experience:
Maintain a strong GitHub portfolio to showcase your work.
Step 6: Learn Tools and Technologies
Modern software engineers work with various tools:
Learning these tools improves your employability.
Step 7: Improve Problem-Solving and Logical Skills
Companies test candidates on their ability to think logically and solve problems efficiently.
Tips to Improve:
Consistency is key here.
Step 8: Prepare for Software Engineer Jobs
Once you’re ready, start preparing for job applications.
Job Preparation Includes:
Networking through LinkedIn and tech communities can also help you find opportunities.
Step 9: Apply for Jobs or Start Freelancing
Software engineers can work in various roles:
You can also explore:
The career path is flexible and dynamic.
Choosing the right course after Class 12 is the first major step in learning how to become a software engineer. Students from the science stream (especially PCM) have multiple degree and diploma options available today.
| S.No. | Course Name | Duration | Eligibility | Career Scope |
| 1. | B.Tech in Computer Science Engineering (CSE) | 4 Years | 12th with PCM | Software Engineer, Developer |
| 2. | B.Tech in Information Technology (IT) | 4 Years | 12th with PCM | IT Engineer, Software Developer |
| 3. | B.Tech in Artificial Intelligence & ML | 4 Years | 12th with PCM | AI Engineer, ML Engineer |
| 4. | B.Tech in Data Science | 4 Years | 12th with PCM | Data Scientist, Analyst |
| 5. | BCA (Bachelor of Computer Applications) | 3 Years | 12th (any stream, Maths preferred) | Software Developer, Programmer |
| 6. | B.Sc Computer Science | 3 Years | 12th with Maths | Software Tester, Developer |
| 7. | Diploma in Software Engineering | 1-3 Years | Intermediate | Junior Software Engineer |
| 8. | B.Tech in Cyber Security | 4 Years | 12th with PCM | Security Analyst, Ethical Hacker |
| 9. | B.Tech in Cloud Computing | 4 Years | 12th with PCM | Cloud Engineer |
| 10. | Integrated B.Tech + M.Tech (CSE) | 5 Years | 12th with PCM | Senior Software Engineer |
These courses build strong foundations in programming, algorithms, databases and software development, which are essential for a successful career in software engineering.
How to Become a Software Engineer After 12th Without JEE
Many students believe that cracking JEE is the only way to become a software engineer, but that’s not true. There are multiple alternative paths available if you want to know how to become a software engineer after 12th without JEE.
1. Choose Private Universities or State-Level Exams
Several private universities and state colleges offer B.Tech in Computer Science without JEE Main scores. Admission is based on:
2. Opt for BCA Instead of B.Tech
BCA is one of the best alternatives to engineering for students without JEE.
3. Pursue Diploma + Lateral Entry
You can:
4. Learn Software Engineering through Online Platforms
Many successful software engineers are self-taught. You can learn through:
Combined with strong projects, this path can lead to jobs even without a traditional engineering degree.
5. Focus on Skills, Not Just Degrees
Companies today prioritise:
If you master in-demand skills, you can become a software engineer even without JEE or a top-tier college.
In India, entry-level software engineers can earn ₹4–8 LPA, while experienced professionals can earn significantly higher. With skills in AI, cloud computing or data science, salaries grow rapidly.
Career growth can lead to:
If you want to start your journey in software engineering after Class 12, one great choice is The Apollo University’s School of Technology, known for its industry-oriented curriculum and modern learning environment. The university offers a variety of industry-centric UG and PG programmes to help you build a rewarding tech career.
Courses Offered at The Apollo University:
These programmes combine practical labs, projects and industry exposure to prepare you for careers in software development, AI, cybersecurity, cloud computing and advanced research.
If you’re searching for how to become a software engineer, remember there is no single fixed path. Some succeed through degrees, others through self-learning and certifications. What matters most is strong fundamentals, hands-on practice, continuous learning and a genuine passion for technology.
Software engineering is not just a job; it’s a long-term career filled with innovation, challenges and global opportunities. If you want a strong academic foundation, industry-oriented learning and exposure to emerging technologies, The Apollo University’s School of Technology offers specialised programmes designed to prepare you for real-world tech careers. Start your journey, stay consistent and keep upgrading your skills; success will follow.
Yes. By doing BCA or learning programming skills, certifications and projects, Arts students can become software engineers.
Commerce students can choose BCA, learn coding languages and build projects to start a software engineering career.
Choose B.Tech, BCA, diploma or skill-based courses, learn coding, gain experience and apply for software jobs.
Yes. With strong programming skills, projects and certifications, a 12th pass student can become a software engineer.
Yes. You can pursue a diploma in computer or software engineering after 12th from recognised institutes.
To become a software engineer without a degree, you should focus on self-study to build strong technical skills, create a standout project portfolio, network with professionals and showcase practical ability over credentials to land relevant jobs.
